kernel/dsensor.c

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/*
 *  The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License
 *  Version 1.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
 *  compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *  http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
 *
 *  Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
 *  basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 *  License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
 *  under the License.
 *
 *  The Original Code is legOS code, released October 17, 1999.
 *
 *  The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Markus L. Noga.
 *  Portions created by Markus L. Noga are Copyright (C) 1999
 *  Markus L. Noga. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 *  Contributor(s): Markus L. Noga <markus@noga.de>
 *                  Eric Habnerfeller <ehaberfe@atitech.ca>
 *                  Lou Sortman <lou@sunsite.unc.edu>
 */

/*
 *  2000.03.11 - Paolo Masetti <paolo.masetti@itlug.org>
 *
 *      - Included a fix for rotation sensor posted by "Ben Jackson"
 *        on lugnet.robotics.rcx.legos
 *
 *  2000.04.30 - Paolo Masetti <paolo.masetti@itlug.org>
 *
 *      - ISR Reading routine fix to make read values stable.
 *      - Fixed rotation sensor status table values to avoid offset problems.
 *
 *  2000.09.06 - Jochen Hoenicke <jochen@gnu.org>
 *
 *      - Added velocity calculation for rotation sensor.
 */

#include <dsensor.h>

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR

#include <sys/h8.h>
#include <sys/irq.h>
#include <sys/bitops.h>
#include <rom/registers.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <conio.h>

//
// Definitions
//

#define DS_ALL_ACTIVE         0x07             
#define DS_ALL_PASSIVE        (~DS_ALL_ACTIVE) 


//
// Variables
//

volatile unsigned char ds_channel;        

unsigned char ds_activation;              

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_ROTATION
unsigned char ds_rotation;                

volatile int ds_rotations[3];             

static signed char rotation_state[3];     
static signed char rotation_new_state[3]; 
static unsigned int state_duration[3];    

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_VELOCITY
volatile int ds_velocities[3];            
static unsigned int last_rotation[3];     
static unsigned int next_rotation[3];     
static signed char rotation_dir[3];       
#endif




static const signed char ad2state[16]={
  // 0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f     // (sensor value>>12)
    -1,-1,-1,-1,-1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 0     // New values to be used
                                                        // with delayed read

//  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 0     // Old values: biased for
                                                        // non-delayed read

};


static const signed char diff2change[7]={
  //-3 -2 -1  0  1  2  3                              // newstate-state
     1, 0,-1, 0, 1, 0,-1
};

//
// Functions
//


void ds_rotation_set(volatile unsigned *sensor,int pos) {
  if(sensor>=&AD_A && sensor<=&AD_C) {    // catch range violations
    unsigned channel=(unsigned) (sensor-&AD_A);
    signed char state=ad2state[(*sensor)>>12];

    if(state<0)
      state=0;

    rotation_state[channel]=state;
    rotation_new_state[channel] = -1;
    state_duration[channel]=0;
    ds_rotations[channel]=pos;            // reset counter

  }
}


void ds_rotation_handler() {
  unsigned    channel =ds_channel;
  unsigned    raw     =(*((&AD_A)+channel));
  signed char newstate=ad2state[raw>>12];

  if (newstate < 0)
    return;

  if (newstate == rotation_new_state[channel]) {
    if (++state_duration[channel] == 2) {
      signed char change = diff2change[newstate - rotation_state[channel] + 3];

      ds_rotations[channel] += change;

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_VELOCITY
      {
        /* We only take the lowest 16 bits of sys_time.  We have to be
         * a bit careful with wraparounds, but this is handled here.
         */
        unsigned int time = (unsigned int) sys_time;
        if (change != rotation_dir[channel]) {
          rotation_dir[channel] = change;
          ds_velocities[channel] = 0;
          last_rotation[channel] = time;
          next_rotation[channel] = time + 1000;
        } else {
          if (time == last_rotation[channel])
            ds_velocities[channel] = 1000 * change;
          else {
            unsigned int time_diff = (time - last_rotation[channel]);
            if (time_diff > 1000) {
              rotation_dir[channel] = 0;
              ds_velocities[channel] = 0;
            } else {
              int speed = 1000 / time_diff;
              ds_velocities[channel] = change > 0 ? speed : -speed;
              last_rotation[channel] = time;
              next_rotation[channel] = time + time_diff * 3 / 2;
            }
          }
        }
      }
#endif

      rotation_state[channel] = newstate;
      rotation_new_state[channel] = -1;
    }
  } else if (newstate != rotation_state[channel]) {
    rotation_new_state[channel] = newstate;
    state_duration[channel] = 1;
#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_VELOCITY
  } else {
    /* No rotation change, check if velocity measure timeouts. */
    unsigned int time = (unsigned int) sys_time;
    if (rotation_dir[channel] &&  
        ((signed int) (time - next_rotation[channel])) >= 0) {
      unsigned int time_diff = (time - last_rotation[channel]);
      if (time_diff > 1000) {
        rotation_dir[channel] = 0;
        ds_velocities[channel] = 0;
      } else {  
        int speed = 1000 / time_diff;
        ds_velocities[channel] = rotation_dir[channel] > 0 ? speed : -speed;
        next_rotation[channel] = time + time_diff / 2;
      }
    }
#endif
  }

}
#endif // CONF_DSENSOR_ROTATION

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_MUX
unsigned char ds_mux;   

volatile int ds_muxs[3][3];     


//width of each mux pulse
#define DS_MUX_PULSE_TM_MS 10



typedef struct {
  unsigned long nextTm;  //timestamp for next pulse
  char remainingEdges;    //edges left in pulse train
  char channel; //current mux sub channel (0,1,2)
  unsigned int attached[3];//what channels are sensors attached to
                            //this also defines the number of ms
                            //to wait before reading the value
  
  enum {ds_mux_prepRead,
        ds_mux_read, 
        ds_mux_pulse_low, 
        ds_mux_pulse_high} action; //specify next action
} ds_mux_data_t;

ds_mux_data_t ds_mux_data[3]; //data on mux

#endif //CONF_DSENSOR_MUX



static inline void ds_power_on(unsigned channel) {
  switch(channel) {
  case 0:
    bit_set(&PORT6,0);
    break;
  case 1:
    bit_set(&PORT6,1);
    break;
  case 2:
    bit_set(&PORT6,2);
    break;
  default:
    //bad
    break;
  }
}//endof ds_power_on

static inline void ds_power_off(unsigned channel) {
  switch(channel) {
  case 0:
    bit_clear(&PORT6,0);
    break;
  case 1:
    bit_clear(&PORT6,1);
    break;
  case 2:
    bit_clear(&PORT6,2);
    break;
  default:
    //bad
    break;
  }
}//endof ds_power_off

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_MUX


void ds_mux_on(volatile unsigned *sensor,
               unsigned int ch1,
               unsigned int ch2,
               unsigned int ch3) {
  unsigned char i,j;
  ds_passive(sensor);//powered, but not active in legOS sense


  if(ch1==0 &&
     ch2==0 &&
     ch3==0) {
    //umm this is useless
    //avoid endless cycling
    ds_mux_off(sensor);
    return;
  }

  if (sensor == &SENSOR_3) {
    i=0;
  } else if (sensor == &SENSOR_2) {
    i=1;
  } else if (sensor == &SENSOR_1) {
    i=2;
  } else {
    //bad
    return;
  }

  
  ds_mux_data[i].attached[0]=ch1;
  ds_mux_data[i].attached[1]=ch2;
  ds_mux_data[i].attached[2]=ch3;
  
  //add extended time based on the channel
  //this is required by the mux
  //the user supplies extra time based on the
  //type of sensor they hook up
  //these defaults give enough time to read
  //a light sensor and should be ok for most
  //sensors
  if(ch1)
    ds_mux_data[i].attached[0]+=160;
  if(ch2)
    ds_mux_data[i].attached[1]+=135;
  if(ch3)
    ds_mux_data[i].attached[2]+=25;




  //check if we're just adjusting the ports
  //if so we can return here
  if(i==0 && ds_mux&1)
    return;
  if(i==1 && ds_mux&2)
    return;
  if(i==2 && ds_mux&4)
    return;

  //starting up mux

  //power up
  ds_power_on(i);
  
  //schedule first event
  //find first attached sensor
  for(j=0;j<3 && ds_mux_data[i].attached[j]==0;j++);
    
  ds_mux_data[i].channel=j;
  ds_mux_data[i].remainingEdges=((j+1)*2);
  ds_mux_data[i].action=ds_mux_pulse_low;
  ds_mux_data[i].nextTm=sys_time+DS_MUX_PULSE_TM_MS;

  if (sensor == &SENSOR_3) {
    bit_set(&ds_mux, 0);
  } else if (sensor == &SENSOR_2) {
    bit_set(&ds_mux, 1);
  } else if (sensor == &SENSOR_1) {
    bit_set(&ds_mux, 2);
  } else {
    //bad
    return;
  }

}//endof ds_mux_on



void ds_mux_handler() {
  unsigned sen=ds_channel;


  if(ds_mux_data[sen].nextTm <= sys_time) {
    //we've reached our next scheduled step
    //lcd_int(sys_time-ds_mux_data[sen].nextTm);
    switch(ds_mux_data[sen].action) {
    case ds_mux_prepRead:
      ds_power_off(sen);//power down for read
      ds_mux_data[sen].action=ds_mux_read;
      ds_mux_data[sen].nextTm=sys_time;//do it ASAP, but not now
      break;
    case ds_mux_read:
      //read data
      switch(sen) {
      case 0:
        ds_muxs[sen][(int)ds_mux_data[sen].channel]=SENSOR_3;
        break;
      case 1:
        ds_muxs[sen][(int)ds_mux_data[sen].channel]=SENSOR_2;
        break;
      case 2:
        ds_muxs[sen][(int)ds_mux_data[sen].channel]=SENSOR_1;
        break;
      default:
        //bad
      }

 
      //change channel
      do {
        ds_mux_data[sen].channel++;
        if(ds_mux_data[sen].channel>2/*max chan*/) {
          ds_mux_data[sen].channel=0;
        }
        //make sure selected channel is marked attached
        //don't worry about an endless loop ds_mux_on makes
        //sure at least one channel is attached
      } while(
              (ds_mux_data[sen].attached
               [(int)ds_mux_data[sen].channel])==0);
      
    
      //use this low pulse as the first low pulse of next train

      ds_mux_data[sen].remainingEdges=
        ((ds_mux_data[sen].channel+1)*2)-1;

      //schedule next high pulse
      ds_mux_data[sen].action=ds_mux_pulse_high;
      ds_mux_data[sen].nextTm=sys_time+DS_MUX_PULSE_TM_MS;
      break;
    case ds_mux_pulse_low:
      //go low
      ds_power_off(sen);
      //schedule next high pulse
      ds_mux_data[sen].nextTm=sys_time+DS_MUX_PULSE_TM_MS;
      ds_mux_data[sen].remainingEdges--;  
      ds_mux_data[sen].action=ds_mux_pulse_high;
      break;
    case ds_mux_pulse_high:
      //go high
      ds_power_on(sen);
      ds_mux_data[sen].remainingEdges--;      
     
      if(ds_mux_data[sen].remainingEdges==0) {
        //done with train
        //schedule prepRead
        ds_mux_data[sen].action=ds_mux_prepRead;

        //schedule enough time for the mux to make the switch
        //this is scaled because the timeout the mux uses starts
        //when the first pulse comes in, it is around 70ms, so
        //when switching to sensor 1 we must want an additional
        //amount of time before it mux reacts, we wait less for 2
        //and not at all for 3
        //then we wait a little bit before reading the sensor
        //this give the sensor time to power up
        ds_mux_data[sen].nextTm=sys_time+
          ds_mux_data[sen].attached[(int)ds_mux_data[sen].channel];
        //lcd_int(ds_mux_data[sen].channel+1);

        break;
      } else {
        //schedule next low pulse
        ds_mux_data[sen].action=ds_mux_pulse_low;
        ds_mux_data[sen].nextTm=sys_time+DS_MUX_PULSE_TM_MS;
      }      
      break;
    default:
      //bad
    }

  }
}//endof ds_mux_handler

#endif //CONF_DSENSOR_MUX




//
extern void ds_handler(void);
#ifndef DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
__asm__("\n\
.text\n\
.align 1\n\
_ds_handler:\n\
   ; r6 saved by ROM\n\
\n\
   mov.b @_ds_channel,r6l       ; r6l = current channel\n\
\n\
   mov.b @_ds_activation,r6h    ; r6h = activation bitmask\n\
   btst r6l,r6h                 ; activate output?\n\
   beq ds_noset\n\
       bset r6l,@_PORT6:8       ; activate output of last port scanned\n\
 ds_noset:\n\
        "
#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_ROTATION
        "\n\
   mov.b @_ds_rotation,r6h      ; r6h = rotation bitmask\n\
   btst r6l,r6h                 ; process rotation sensor?\n\
   beq ds_norot\n\
\n\
     push r0                    ; save r0..r3\n\
     push r1\n\
     push r2\n\
     push r3                    ; r4..r6 saved by gcc if necessary\n\
\n\
     jsr _ds_rotation_handler   ; process rotation sensor\n\
\n\
     pop r3\n\
     pop r2\n\
     pop r1\n\
     pop r0\n\
 ds_norot:\n\
        "
#endif

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_MUX
        "\n\
   mov.b @_ds_mux,r6h   ; r6h = mux bitmask\n\
   btst r6l,r6h                 ; process mux sensor?\n\
   beq ds_nomux\n\
\n\
     push r0                    ; save r0..r3\n\
     push r1\n\
     push r2\n\
     push r3                    ; r4..r6 saved by gcc if necessary\n\
\n\
     jsr _ds_mux_handler        ; process mux sensor\n\
\n\
     pop r3\n\
     pop r2\n\
     pop r1\n\
     pop r0\n\
 ds_nomux:\n\
        "
#endif
        "\n\
   inc r6l                      ; next channel\n\
   and #0x03,r6l                ; limit to 0-3\n\
\n\
   mov.b @_ds_activation,r6h    ; r6h = activation bitmask\n\
   btst r6l,r6h                 ; activate output?\n\
   beq ds_nounset\n\
      bclr r6l,@_PORT6:8                ; set output inactive for reading\n\
 ds_nounset:\n\
\n\
   ; The settle time for reading the value from active sensor start here\n\
\n\
   ; moved here for helping timing problems\n\
   mov.b r6l,@_ds_channel       ; store next channel\n\
\n\
   ; Added a delay loop for sensor settle time\n\
\n\
   mov.b #0x04, r6h             ; delay loop\n\
settle:\n\
   nop                          ; each nop is a 2 state clock delay\n\
   dec.b r6h                    ; 2 states ?\n\
   bne settle                   ; 4 states\n\
\n\
   ; Total loop delay 32 states (?)\n\
\n\
   mov.b @_AD_CSR:8,r6h         ; r6h = A/D CSR\n\
   and.b #0x7c,r6h              ; reset scanmode and channel num\n\
   or.b  r6l,r6h                ; scan next channel\n\
   mov.b r6h,@_AD_CSR:8         ; put r6h back on A/D CSR\n\
\n\
   ; The settle time for reading the value from active sensor finish here\n\
\n\
   bset #0x5,@_AD_CSR:8         ; go!\n\
\n\
   rts\n\
");
#endif // DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS



void ds_init(void) {
  rom_port6_ddr|=DS_ALL_ACTIVE;         // notify ROM we are using
  PORT6_DDR     =rom_port6_ddr;         // PORT6 bit 0..2 as outputs

  ds_activation=0;                      // all sensors passive
  ds_channel   =0;                      // start on channel 0

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_ROTATION
  ds_rotation  =0;                      // rotation tracking disabled
#endif

#ifdef CONF_DSENSOR_MUX
  ds_mux=0;                             // muxing disabled
#endif

  ad_vector=&ds_handler;                // setup IRQ handler
  AD_CR &=~ADCR_EXTERN;
  AD_CSR =ADCSR_TIME_266 | ADCSR_GROUP_0 | ADCSR_AN_0  |
          ADCSR_ENABLE_IRQ | ADCSR_START;

#ifdef CONF_CONIO
    delay(10);                          // wait for initial A/D
#else
# warning "Rotation initialization might fail."
#endif
}



void ds_shutdown(void) {

  AD_CSR=0x00;
  PORT6        &=DS_ALL_PASSIVE;
  rom_port6_ddr&=DS_ALL_PASSIVE;
  PORT6_DDR     =rom_port6_ddr;
}

#endif  // CONF_DSENSOR

---

brickOS is released under the Mozilla Public License. Original code copyright 1998-2002 by the authors.

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